Post by CATO on Apr 13, 2004 13:55:48 GMT -5
Ok, here's a cool AE link:
www.lpl.arizona.edu/impacteffects/
Its called the Earth Impact Effects Program and it shows how craters from asteroids will look given the specific parameters. It also shows what the effects will be a certain distance from the impact.
Take Chesapeake Bay for an example:
Projectile Diameter: 2000-3000 m
Projectile Density: rock (2700 kg/m3)
Impact Velocity: 20 km/s
Impact Angle: 90 degrees
Target Density: 2700 kg/m3
Target Type: Competent Rock
Distance: 15 miles (Norfolk)
Effects:
Energy:
4.42 x 1021 Joules = 1.06 x 106 MegaTons TNT
Something of this size hits Earth every 4,500,000 years.
Crater size: 23.23 miles
Thermal Radiation:
Time for maximum radiation: 1.64 seconds after impact
Visible fireball radius: 32.8 km = 20.4 miles
The fireball appears 308.4 times larger than the sun
Thermal Exposure: 3.61 x 108 Joules/m2
Duration of Irradiation: 43 seconds
Radiant flux (relative to the sun): 8465.7
Effects of Thermal Radiation:
Clothing ignites
Much of the body suffers third degree burns
Newspaper ignites
Plywood flames
Deciduous trees ignite
Grass ignites
Seismic Effects:
The major seismic shaking will arrive at approximately 4.8 seconds.
Richter Scale Magnitude: 8.6 (This is greater than any shaking in recorded history)
Mercalli Scale Intensity at a distance of 24.15 km: XI. Rails bent greatly. Underground pipelines completely out of service. General panic. Conspicuous cracks in ground.
Ejecta (Excavated debris):
The ejecta will arrive approximately 70.4 seconds after the impact.
Your position is beneath the continuous ejecta deposit.
Average Ejecta Thickness: 267.8 m = 878.76 ft
Air Blast:
The air blast will arrive at approximately 80.5 seconds.
Peak Overpressure: 5955030.9 Pa = 59.5503 bars = 845.6144 psi
Max wind velocity: 1768.9 m/s = 3956.9 mph
Sound Intensity: 135 dB (Dangerously Loud)
Damage Description:
Multistory wall-bearing buildings will collapse.
Wood frame buildings will almost completely collapse.
Multistory steel-framed office-type buildings will suffer extreme frame distortion, incipient collapse.
Highway truss bridges will collapse.
Highway girder bridges will collapse.
Glass windows will shatter.
Cars and trucks will be largely displaced and grossly distorted and will require rebuilding before use.
Up to 90 percent of trees blown down; remainder stripped of branches and leaves.
Sound like fun?
www.lpl.arizona.edu/impacteffects/
Its called the Earth Impact Effects Program and it shows how craters from asteroids will look given the specific parameters. It also shows what the effects will be a certain distance from the impact.
Take Chesapeake Bay for an example:
Projectile Diameter: 2000-3000 m
Projectile Density: rock (2700 kg/m3)
Impact Velocity: 20 km/s
Impact Angle: 90 degrees
Target Density: 2700 kg/m3
Target Type: Competent Rock
Distance: 15 miles (Norfolk)
Effects:
Energy:
4.42 x 1021 Joules = 1.06 x 106 MegaTons TNT
Something of this size hits Earth every 4,500,000 years.
Crater size: 23.23 miles
Thermal Radiation:
Time for maximum radiation: 1.64 seconds after impact
Visible fireball radius: 32.8 km = 20.4 miles
The fireball appears 308.4 times larger than the sun
Thermal Exposure: 3.61 x 108 Joules/m2
Duration of Irradiation: 43 seconds
Radiant flux (relative to the sun): 8465.7
Effects of Thermal Radiation:
Clothing ignites
Much of the body suffers third degree burns
Newspaper ignites
Plywood flames
Deciduous trees ignite
Grass ignites
Seismic Effects:
The major seismic shaking will arrive at approximately 4.8 seconds.
Richter Scale Magnitude: 8.6 (This is greater than any shaking in recorded history)
Mercalli Scale Intensity at a distance of 24.15 km: XI. Rails bent greatly. Underground pipelines completely out of service. General panic. Conspicuous cracks in ground.
Ejecta (Excavated debris):
The ejecta will arrive approximately 70.4 seconds after the impact.
Your position is beneath the continuous ejecta deposit.
Average Ejecta Thickness: 267.8 m = 878.76 ft
Air Blast:
The air blast will arrive at approximately 80.5 seconds.
Peak Overpressure: 5955030.9 Pa = 59.5503 bars = 845.6144 psi
Max wind velocity: 1768.9 m/s = 3956.9 mph
Sound Intensity: 135 dB (Dangerously Loud)
Damage Description:
Multistory wall-bearing buildings will collapse.
Wood frame buildings will almost completely collapse.
Multistory steel-framed office-type buildings will suffer extreme frame distortion, incipient collapse.
Highway truss bridges will collapse.
Highway girder bridges will collapse.
Glass windows will shatter.
Cars and trucks will be largely displaced and grossly distorted and will require rebuilding before use.
Up to 90 percent of trees blown down; remainder stripped of branches and leaves.
Sound like fun?
